diff --git a/Assets/_Game/Scripts/AI/AiDefinitionRegistry.cs b/Assets/_Game/Scripts/AI/AiDefinitionRegistry.cs
index ddf4a9b0..5cada826 100644
--- a/Assets/_Game/Scripts/AI/AiDefinitionRegistry.cs
+++ b/Assets/_Game/Scripts/AI/AiDefinitionRegistry.cs
@@ -57,6 +57,16 @@ namespace BaseGames.AI
             return script.GetOrBuildGraph();
         }
 
+        /// <summary>取 id 对应的定义；不存在则显式抛错（根因暴露，不做兜底）。</summary>
+        public static IAiDefinition GetDefinition(string id)
+        {
+            EnsureBuilt();
+            if (!_byId.TryGetValue(id, out var script))
+                throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                    $"AiDefinitionRegistry: 未找到 AI 定义 id '{id}'。请确认存在 [AiDefinition(\"{id}\")] 的 AiScript 子类。");
+            return script;
+        }
+
         public static IEnumerable<string> Ids
         {
             get { EnsureBuilt(); return _byId.Keys; }
diff --git a/Assets/_Game/Scripts/Enemies/AIBrain/EnemyAiBrain.cs b/Assets/_Game/Scripts/Enemies/AIBrain/EnemyAiBrain.cs
index 20123148..da443b0d 100644
--- a/Assets/_Game/Scripts/Enemies/AIBrain/EnemyAiBrain.cs
+++ b/Assets/_Game/Scripts/Enemies/AIBrain/EnemyAiBrain.cs
@@ -11,14 +11,17 @@ namespace BaseGames.Enemies
     [RequireComponent(typeof(EnemyBase))]
     public sealed class EnemyAiBrain : MonoBehaviour
     {
-        [Tooltip("对应 [AiDefinition(id)] 的敌人 AI 定义 id，例如 E001")]
+        [Tooltip("配方路径（约 95% 的敌人）：直接引用 AI 配方资产")]
+        [SerializeField] AiRecipeSO _recipe;
+
+        [Tooltip("定制路径（约 5% 的敌人）：[AiDefinition(id)] 的 AiScript 子类 id。与配方二选一")]
         [SerializeField] string _definitionId;
 
         EnemyBase _enemy;
         EnemyBrainContext _context;
         AiRuntime _runtime;
 
-        public string DefinitionId => _definitionId;
+        public string DefinitionId => _recipe != null ? _recipe.name : _definitionId;
         public string CurrentStateName => _runtime != null ? _runtime.CurrentStateName : "(none)";
         public bool IsSuspended => _runtime != null && _runtime.IsSuspended;
         public AiRuntime Runtime => _runtime;
@@ -26,10 +29,15 @@ namespace BaseGames.Enemies
         void Awake()
         {
             _enemy = GetComponent<EnemyBase>();
-            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_definitionId))
+
+            bool hasRecipe = _recipe != null;
+            bool hasId     = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_definitionId);
+            if (hasRecipe == hasId)   // 都配了 或 都没配
             {
-                // 根因暴露：漏配 id 直接报错，不静默兜底。
-                Debug.LogError($"EnemyAiBrain 未配置 _definitionId：{name}", this);
+                // 根因暴露：配置歧义 / 漏配直接报错，不静默兜底。
+                Debug.LogError(
+                    $"EnemyAiBrain 必须且只能配置一项：_recipe（配方资产）或 _definitionId（AiScript id）。当前 recipe={(hasRecipe ? _recipe.name : "空")}, id='{_definitionId}'：{name}",
+                    this);
                 enabled = false;
             }
         }
@@ -38,7 +46,10 @@ namespace BaseGames.Enemies
         // 再触发入口状态 OnEnter（其会声明 locomotion 意图）。所有 Awake 先于任一 Start 执行。
         void Start()
         {
-            var graph = AiDefinitionRegistry.GetGraph(_definitionId); // 不存在则抛异常
+            IAiDefinition definition = _recipe != null
+                ? (IAiDefinition)_recipe
+                : AiDefinitionRegistry.GetDefinition(_definitionId);  // 不存在则抛异常
+            var graph = definition.GetOrBuildGraph();
             _context = new EnemyBrainContext(_enemy);
             _runtime = new AiRuntime(graph, _context);
         }